Malus communis Anhang
https://openscholar.dut.ac.za/bitstream/10321/3063/1/MOONSAMY_2016.pdf
[Brenton Ricardo Moonsamy]
It is generally believed that the edible apple
originated in central Asia. There are many other wild species of Malus, and it
is generally assumed that Malus
domestica evolved from chance hybridization among
these wild species. The seeds of these early fruits would likely have been
spread by birds and animals.
They therefore selectively spread seeds from better
tasting fruit, aiding the evolution of these features. Historians have
documented the presence of apples
as early as 6500 B.C. when the remains of apples were
found among excavationist Jericho in the Jordan valley.
The common domesticated apple is an interspecific
mixed compound and usually designated Malus x domestica Borkhor or M. domestica
Borkhor.
Malus domestica is grown in most parts of the world
especially in areas of high altitudes in various continents. It is only not
grown in Antarctica.
The exact origin of this species remains unknown. It
was believed to have originated as a compound derived from M. sieversii.
M. sieversii is found in the mountains of central
Asia, the forests are abundantly dense of this species of apple. Individual
trees that resemble M. domestica
are found in the forests where M. seiversii is
cultivated (Phipps et al. 1990: 303-332).
2.6.2.3.1
The proving substance was prepared from Malus
domestica, cultivar ‘Golden Delicious’, sourced from a wild tree located on the
Cobham Nature Reserve in the
KwaZulu-Natal Midlands.
2.6.2.4
Apples and phytochemicals
Flavonoids as well as a variety of other
phytochemicals are contained in apples.
Some of the most well studied antioxidant compounds in
apples include quercetin-3-galactoside, catechin, and epicatechin. Recently
researchers have examined the
average concentrations of the major phenolic compounds
in six cultivars of apples.
The findings show that the amount of flavonoids found
in apples is high (Boyer and Lui, 2004:1-3).
2.6.2.4.1
Epidemiological evidence of cancer fighting benefits
of apples
Numerous studies have specifically linked apple
consumption with a reduced risk for cancer (lung cancer).
A study of 77 283 women in the Nurses' Health Study
and 47 778 men in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study found an association
between fruit and vegetable
intake and a considerably reduced lung cancer risk in
women only (Feskanich et al. 2000:1812-1823).
2.6.2.4.2
Cardiovascular disease
A reduced risk of cardiovascular disease has been
associated with apple consumption. The Women's Health Study surveyed nearly
40,000 women with
a 6 to 9 month follow-up, and examined the association
between flavonoids and cardiovascular disease. Women ingesting the highest
amounts of flavonoids had a
35% reduction in risk of cardiovascular events.
Flavonoid intake was not associated with risk of stroke, myocardial infarction,
or cardiovascular disease death.
Quercetin did not have any association with
cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction or stroke.
Both apple intake and broccoli intake were
associated with reductions in the risk of both
cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events. Women ingesting apples had a
13-22% decrease in cardiovascular disease
risk (Arts et al. 2001: 668-675).
2.6.2.4.3
Asthma and pulmonary function
Specific antioxidants, such as vitamin E, vitamin C,
retinol, and β-carotene,
were not associated with asthma or bronchial hypersensitivity. Previously it
had been found
that apple intake, as well as selenium intake, was
associated with less asthma in adults in the United Kingdom.
This study surveyed nearly 600 individuals with asthma
and 900 individuals without asthma about their diet and lifestyle. Total fruit
and vegetable intake was weakly associated with asthma, and apple intake showed
a stronger inverse relationship with asthma (Shaheen et al. 2001: 1823-1828).
2.6.2.4.4
Diabetes and weight loss
Apple consumption may also be associated with a lower
risk for diabetes.
In a previous Finnish study of 10,000 people, a reduced
risk of Type II diabetes was associated with apple consumption.
Higher quercetin intake, a major component of apple
peels, was also associated with a decreased risk in Type II diabetes. Myrectin
and berry intake were also associated
with a decreased risk in Type II diabetes, but
onion,orange, grapefruit and white cabbage intake were not associated with a
lowered risk (de Oliviera, Sichiera and Moura
2003: 253-256).
2.6.2.4.5
Cholesterol-lowering effects
Some of the apple's protective effect against cardiovascular
disease may come from its potential cholesterol-lowering ability. Aprikian et
al. (2001) found that when rats were
fed cholesterol and supplemented with lyophilized
apples; there was a significant drop in plasma cholesterol and liver cholesterol
and an increase in high-density
lipoproteins (HDL) (Sertoki et al. 2009: 8, 39).
To summarize, studies show that a diet high in fruits
and vegetables may decrease the risk of chronic diseases, as mentioned above.
Apples contain phytochemicals including phenolics,
flavonoids and carotenoids which may play a key role in reducing chronic
disease risk. In the laboratory, apples have been found to have very strong
antioxidant activity which can have the following effects on diseased states:
inhibit cancer cell proliferation, lower cholesterol- and decrease lipid
oxidation, Apples contain many phytochemicals,
including quercetin, catechin, phloridzin and chlorogenic acid, all of which
are strong antioxidants as well.
The viable symptoms were compared with remedies of
similar symptomatology.
3.9.3
Comparison to remedies of repertorial similarity
Table 2: Rubrics chosen for the repertorisation
Mind -
persecuted he is persecuted
Mind separated
- body mind are separated
Mind tranquility
lightness
sensation of
pain pulsating
Face shiny oily
Rectum diarrhea morning
Extremities cramps legs calves
Extremities separated sensation leg body, as if
separated from his
Generals food and drink tea desire
Repertory:
MIND: COUNTRYSIDE - desire for
DELUSIONS: she is not appreciated/is a criminal/faces,
sees (diabolical faces crowd upon him/distorted/is friendless/God
(communicating with God/he is the objects
of Gods vengeance)/ separated from body/is
misunderstood/is neglected/is persecuted/limbs separated from the body/feet are
separated from the body/mind and body
are separated/body and soul are separated/spirit had
separated from body/toes separated from feet/has been accused of robbing
DOUBTFUL – love relationship; of his integrity
DRUGS – desires cocaine
FIGHTS, wants
FORSAKEN feeling - isolation; sensation
GENEROUS; too
GUILTY “As if”
IDEAS - abundant
INDIFFERENCE
INJUSTICE, cannot support
INSECURITY; mental
IRRESOLUTE
IRRITABLE
LOVE - romantic love; desire for
MEMORY loss of memory about his past
MENTAL POWER - increased
MUSIC >
PLANS - making many plans - realize them; but don’t
PLAYFUL
PRAYING
PROSTRATION
RELIGIOUS AFFECTIONS - want of religious feeling
SADNESS
SENSES – acute
SENTIMENTAL
TENSION, mental
THOUGHTS – of family/of partner
TRANQUILITY (= calmness/serenity)
VOYEURISM
WILDERNESS
VERTIGO:
Head: LIGHTNESS
PAIN – <(<(<( viele )>)>)>
PERSPIRATION – hot of scalp on forehead (morning)
WEAKNESS
EYES: LACHRYMATION – left/+ pain (aching/burning)
VISION: sees STARS during ache
NOSE: CONGESTION (sinusitis)
CORYZA (cough)
FACE: BLOCKED sinuses
DISCOLORATION – white, after shaving
ITCHING – eyebrows (l./sides/lower jaw l.)
OBSTRUCTION – sinuses
PAIN – burning (around l. eyebrow/l. side/l.
jaw/piercing (l. side)/stitching
SHINY - oily
MOUTH: DRYNESS morning on waking
“As if ENLARGED” (tongue)
HAIR; sensation of a – on root of tongue
TASTE - fatty, greasy
THICK “As if tongue thick”
THROAT: “As if a ball in throat”
ITCHING [> drinking (warm) water]
LUMP “As if a ball (ball) in throat” sensation of a
ball > drinking water
“As if swollen”
NECK: CRACKING noise (in atlanto-occipital joints)
PAIN – r./< turning
STOMACH: CARDIALGIA
DISTENSION + eructation’s
ERUCTATIONS excessive
HEARTBURN
PAIN - >/< after eating/in epigastrium
THIRST extreme
ABDOMEN: COMPLAINTS + pain lumbar region
DISTENSION > after eating/”As if distended”/>
drinking warm water
EMPTINESS < after stool
PAIN [aching/cramping/during diarrhea/in
hypogastrium/flanks/sore (= bruised, tenderness, etc)/twisting pain]
RECTUM: CONSTIPATION (< after eating aggravates)
DIARRHEA (morning after rising immediately)
HEMORRHAGE FROM ANUS < after stool
ITCHING
PAIN – sore/stitching (“As from needles)
STOOL: COPIOUS/FREQUENT (morning)
LOOSE
ODOR – cadaverous/carrion like/putrid
RISING < after
WATERY (morning)
BLADDER: URINATION frequent
URINE: BURNING (+ pain in back)
COLOR – dark yellow
COLORLESS
HOT
MALE GENITALIA: SEXUAL DESIRE
wanting
RESPIRATION: DEEP, anxiety,
during
COUGH: DRY
During INFLUENZA
LOOSE
NOON 12 – 13 h.
WET cough
EXPECTORATION: YELLOW (greenish)
CHEST: CARDIALGIA
CONSTRICTION (afternoon/at night/< during cough)
FORMICATION (< respiration)
PAIN – l./burning/> motion/< during
cough/dull/< laughing/sternum in evening
Palpitation [of heart (with anxiety)]
TIGHTNESS
BACK: PAIN - + sleeplessness/+ urine
burning/burning/in cervical region/burning/ext. cervical region
(l.)/cutting/cervical region/in nape of neck/in dorsal region/
(upper part)/l. cutting/lumbar region (+ abdomen
complaints/lower limbs complaints/< bending/flanks/during urination/urine
passing)
STIFFNESS
LIMBS: CRAMPS of legs . morning [feet (ext.
legs/ext. calves/calves (> stretching/< walking)]
ITCHING – elbows l./knees/legs/lower
limbs/feet/shoulders burning (l.)
NUMBNESS – feet/legs/lower limbs
PAIN – in ext. calves/in soles of feet burning (>
cold water)/in fingers (shooting/< pressure/fingers pulsating/legs
(cramping/> stretching)/in shoulders burning/in thighs shooting
downward/upper limbs l. (sharp)
PERSPIRATION – palm of HAND
> RUBBING lower limbs
“Feet feel separated” from lower limbs/“As if
separated from his body”
> STRETCHING OUT of lower limbs
WARM applications >
WEAKNESS (in afternoon 12 – 15 h.)/in lower limbs
SLEEP: REFRESHING/RESTLESS (with pain)
SLEEPINESS (during morning)
SLEEPLESSNESS (causeless/from pain in/from activity of
thoughts)
UNREFRESHING (morning on waking)
WAKING - too early/frequent/every hour/with desire to
urinate
DREAMS: BANQUET/BEACH/CAMPING/CHILDREN (in
danger/requested to help unescorted)/COUNTRY foreign/Commiting a
crime/DANGER/DEAD of relatives
(talking with dead
relatives)/DISORGANIZED/EATING/EVENTS daily/FALLING in space/own
FAMILY/FATHER/FLOWERS/FOOD/FOREIGN COUNTRY/
Being a FOREIGNER/Meeting friends/GARDENS (rose)/being
HELPED by strangers/HELPING people/MOTHER (had accident in a
car)/PARTIES/PATIENTS/
PICNICS/PLAYING in rain/SICK PEOPLE/SISTER falling
into a pit/STRANGERS/TALKING (to ones friend; about God and death/with loved
ones)/TEACHING/
TURTLES
UNREMEMBERED
FEVER: AFTERNOON (13 - 18h)
Heat in general
PERSPIRATION: during anxiety/cold
on waking/HOT/PROFUSE (< exertion)
SKIN: BURNING
DRY
ITCHING (noon – 12 h./burning/without eruptions)
OILY
SOFT feeling
WAX
GENERALS: ENDURANCE increased
Excess of energy
Lack of energy
FOOD AND DRINKS:
Desires: chocolate/(barbecued) meat/sweet
drinks/sweets/(hot) tea/hot drinks;
HEAVINESS
INFLUENZA (“As if beginning”)
Left side,
ITCHING skin
LASSITUDE
PAIN – aching/cutting/sharp/sore (=bruised)
SICK FEELING; vague
SIDE l.
One sided
SLUGGISHNESS of the body
STRENGTH sensation of
VIGOR
WEAKNESS (# sensation of strength/> eating)
WEARINESS
The data obtained from the proving of Malus domestica
30CH presented a total of 264 rubrics. Most of these rubrics were located in
the section (70), dream
section (38), extremities section (47), and section
(30).
4.5
RESULTS OF REPERTORISATION of PROVING SYMPTOMS of
MALUS DOMESTICA
The repertorisation of the ten rubrics chosen to
represent the core of Malus domestica 30CH produced the following remedies
present in the highest number of
rubrics and yielding the highest numerical value.
The rubrics below were chosen to represent the essence
of the remedy.
Concentration/
clarity of
A prover felt clarity of and concentration levels were really good
Another prover felt that everything felt clearer and
their focus was so much better
The first prover mentioned earlier under this ing,
could study for long hours and their concentration levels were very good
Different
types of relationships affected or were highlighted during this proving. One
prover was affected by his girlfriend. He also had many other
relationships affected.
- persecuted
he is persecuted
Depression
sadness/Irritation
Depression and sadness was not a major occurrence
however a prover did feel sad and misunderstood
Provers did feel irritated at times, one prover felt
irritated in the morning but playing with his daughters made it better
The same was felt by another prover but he felt better
when talking to a friend
Another prover had a very irritated day and strong
emotions were shown to everyone around the prover felt like a king and felt
amped at the end of the day
separated -
body are separated
tranquility
lightness
sensation of
A prover felt that his
was feeling light and different
pain pulsating
Face shiny oily
Rectum diarrhea morning
Extremities cramps legs calves
Extremities separated sensation leg as if separated
from his body
Desires tea
[Brenton Ricardo Moonsamy]
The top five remedies that emerged were Nat-m.
Chin. Puls. Rhus-t. and Lyssin.
Vorwort/Suchen Zeichen/Abkürzungen Impressum